The dataset gathered focuses on a small organism known as Fragilariopsis cylindrus, commonly referred to as diatoms, which are essential components of polar ecosystems supporting food chains. Understanding how these diatoms cope with dark and cold polar nights is of utmost importance. In the study, it was found that when subjected to prolonged darkness, diatoms enter a low-energy mode. During this period, the diatoms refrain from division, and their molecular activity slows down. The researcher observed that these organisms manage to derive some energy by employing a specific respiratory process, gradually utilizing stored proteins, carbohydrates, and fats.The study conducted by the researcher highlights the robust nature of these diatoms, showcasing their ability to endure prolonged darkness in cold temperatures.